Laparoscopy is the technique of using the "pneumoperitoneum" process to 

extend and examine the abdominal cavity using CO2. Laparoscopic and other 

procedures produce pain, which varies in intensity, duration, and type. 

Crystalloid fluid types, for instance, Normal saline (NS) and Ringer's lactate 

(RL) solution, aid in reducing laparoscopic pain. Therefore, the research 

explores intraperitoneal crystalloid solutions in reducing post-laparoscopic 

surgery shoulder pain. The research adopted a prospective, single-blind study 

based on a single-center, randomized, and parallel research design. A total of 

80 diagnosed patients (40 subjects in each arm) with laparoscopic surgery 

were randomly recruited at Zintan Medical Center, Alzintan, Libya. Patients 

were equally divided into Group A (crystalloid solutions) and Group B (routine 

measures) and were assessed through self-administered pain scores. 

Through the numeric rating scale (NRS), the research findings revealed 

significant pain intensity differences between Groups A and B at 6, 12, 24, 

48, and 72 hours. In contrast, no significant difference in pain was observed 

between groups A and B on the fourth and fifth days. Additionally, lower pain 

intensity was observed in group A than in group B; at 6 hours, the mean pain 

score for group A and B measured 2.55 and 6.40 at 6 hours, respectively. The 

intraperitoneal crystalloid solutions infusion aids in reducing pain severity 

among laparoscopic surgery patients. Future research should address 

extended follow-up periods to determine the effects of NS and RL 

interventions. Moreover, stakeholders should implement Ringer's lactate 

solution (RL) to reduce post-laparoscopic complications

This study evaluates a sustainable preplaced aggregate (two-stage) fiber-reinforced concrete (PAFRC) that incorporates Portland limestone cement (PLC) and high dosages of polypropylene (PP) and alkali-resistant glass (GF) fibers. Aggregates and fibers were preplaced in the formwork and subsequently injected with a flowable grout; mechanical performance was assessed at 28 days. The results indicate that 4% PP increased compressive strength, splitting-tensile strength, and elastic modulus by 15.2%, 15.9%, and 18.6%, respectively, whereas 1% and 2% GF improved flexural strength by 10.2% and 10.4%, respectively. The 2% PP mixture exhibited the highest compressive strength (20.3 MPa), and the 4% PP mix attained the greatest splitting-tensile strength (3.6 MPa). Peak flexural performance (4.9 MPa) was observed for both the 6% PP and 2% GF mixes. Incorporating PLC in the PAFRC system reduces clinker demand and embodied CO2, and the preplaced method enables higher fiber contents without severe segregation. These results demonstrate a practical pathway to enhance both the mechanical performance and sustainability of concrete for repair and structural applications.

One of the main causes of non-traumatic neurological disability in young adults worldwide is multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic immune-mediated demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Increasing absolute prevalence is seen in recent epidemiological trends from 2021 to 2025, while age-standardized rates are stabilizing due to improved diagnostics, survival, and demographic shifts. The current narrative review's objective is to examine high-caliber studies conducted globally between 2021 and 2025 that address the epidemiology, burden, and different risk factors related to multiple sclerosis (MS), with an emphasis on the effects of age, gender, ethnicity, and other interacting factors. Key Findings: Global prevalence of ~1.89 million cases in 2021 (age-standardized rate: 23.9 per 100,000), with ~62,000 new cases each year; female-to-male ratio of ~3:1. DALYs are up by 43% from 1990, but with a trend downward for age-standardized rates with advances in management. Incidence is framed by disparities with higher rates for Whites (77% of the U.S.) than Black (10%), followed by Hispanic (7%) cases, and also high levels of radiological severity, handicap, and poor outcomes for ethnic minorities of these groups. Age of peak incidence progresses to older groups for individuals aged 20-40 years. Genetic underpinnings with large effects (e.g., HLA-DRB1*15:01 for ~48% of heritability), strong susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus infection (near ubiquity at onset; 32-fold increase for molecular mimicry), vitamin D deficiency, smoking, obesity, and altered gut microbiomes are environmental components of risk. Incidence is seen to decline modestly for age-standardized incidence rates, mortality rates, and DALYs through 2035. From this review, the emphasis on MS as a partially preventable disease falls within the context of a rising absolute prevalence and existing inequities in the field. Future complementary strategies should therefore encompass a wide range of populations as well as risk modification measures such as EBV-related therapies and smoking cessation.

Abstract:

This study examines the challenges of integrating theoretical preparation with practical training in Colleges of

Education, focusing on the Faculty of Education in Tiji, University of Zintan. Using a descriptive-analytical

method, data were collected from 20 faculty members and 33 student teachers through structured questionnaires.

Results showed that both groups face difficulties in linking theory and practice, with faculty members reporting

higher role conflict (M = 3.70) than students (M = 3.39), a statistically significant difference (p = 0.013). The

dominance of theoretical content, limited administrative support, and short practicum periods contribute to this

gap. The study recommends curriculum redesign, better supervision, and investment in modern educational

laboratories to strengthen the connection between academic and professional preparation.

Keywords: Faculties of Education, Faculty Members, Student teachers, Practicum (Practical Training), Role

Conflict of Education

Tabular data is a common format for storing information in rows and columns, representing data entries and their associated features. Existing deep learning models designed for tabular data often rely on uni-dimensional feature selection mechanisms, which fail to adequately capture contextual dependencies of feature importance. This can result in missed crucial interactions, bias towards high-impact features, and limited generalization in attention generalization. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces a novel Iterative Feature Exclusion module that enhances the estimation of feature importance. The proposed module iteratively excludes a single feature from the input data and computes attention scores that represent the impact of each feature on the prediction. By aggregating the attention scores across iterations, the module generates a refined representation of feature importance that captures both the global and local feature interactions. The effectiveness of the proposed module was evaluated on four public datasets, and the results consistently demonstrated its superior performance over state-of-the-art methods and baseline models in both feature ranking and classification tasks.

The code is publicly available at https://github.com/abaraka2020/Iterative-Feature-Exclusion-Ranking-Module and https://github.com/mohalim/IFENet

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the major mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal 

tract (GIT), which progress due to the mutation in TKI and PDGFR-α receptors. It shows asymptomatic conditions 

however, become malignant due its large size and produce abdominal pain. Several surgical managements have 

been applied to diagnose patients with GIST, but these increase the risk of tumor recurrent rate. Therefore, 

adjuvant therapies contribute to preventing this challenge with several side effects and post-operative 

complications. A 42-year-old male patient from Libya with acute abdomen and GIST in small bowel (Jejunum) 

was diagnosed with complete excision besides lymph node dissection..Aim: To investigate numerous case reports 

through literature analysis regarding GIST along with a case presentation of the patient. Method: This research 

employed a literature-based study design. Previous case reports were screened from various online research 

platforms, including the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and PubMed. A total of 37 cases 

were included through the search phrase "Case report on Gastrointestinal stromal tumor” .. Results: The findings 

revealed patient mean age (56.35) with most of the small intestine GIST (6.42 cm) site of origin, antibodies 

expression, and maximum mitotic cell counts.. Conclusion: The cases reported a risk of recurrence among GIST 

patients due to high mitotic counts and tumor size. Future researchers should address immune markers to reduce 

tumor recurrence among GIST patients. Stakeholders should implement proper treatment procedures with 

effective diagnostic methods. 

Keywords: Gastro-Intestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs), Perforation, Imatinib, Acute abdomen, Tyrosine Kinase 

Inhibitor (TKI), Small Bowe

poultry industry in Libya has recently experienced significant growth, which is critical for 

improving food security. However, Toxoplasma gondii poses a threat to this industry because it infects warm-blooded 

animals, including poultry. Chickens, particularly free-range chickens, may serve as an important reservoir for T. 

gondii, yet there are no reports regarding the prevalence of this disease in free-range chickens in Libya. Understanding 

the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma in poultry is crucial for mitigating these risks and ensuring the health of the poultry 

industry.

Aim: This study examines the occurrence of T. gondii infection in poultry and evaluates its impact on public health in 

Libya.

Methods: A total of 315 free-range chickens were procured, with blood serum samples collected from the Al-Marj 

(n = 123), El-Bayda (n = 104), and Derna (n = 88) districts. The sera were analyzed using the indirect enzyme-linked 

immunosorbent assay. The chi-square test was used to evaluate a significant correlation between the seroprevalence of 

T. gondii and area, sex, and age.

Results: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies was 23.8%. Among the districts, the highest prevalence 

was recorded in Al-Marj (26.8%), followed by El-Bayda (25%) and Derna (18.2%). Male chickens had a higher 

prevalence rate (26%; 25/96) than females (22.8%; 50/219), although no statistical difference was found between the 

genders. Interestingly, older chickens had a significantly higher seroprevalence (39.2%; 31/79) than younger chickens 

(28.6%; 24/84).

Conclusion: In Libya, free-range chickens are a potential source of Toxoplasma infection, with older chickens having 

a significantly higher seroprevalence than younger chickens. These free-range chickens could pose an infection risk 

to humans.

Background In arid regions such as Jennawen, Libya, groundwater is the primary source for drinking and irrigation, yet it is highly vulnerable to geogenic and anthropogenic contamination. This study aimed to assess the chemical and microbiological quality of 26 groundwater samples from rural and remote, including desalinated water. Material and Methods Physico-chemical parameters (e.g. pH, salinity, major ions) and microbiological indicators (total coliforms, E. coli, total bacterial counts) were analyzed according to established standards. Results revealed that most untreated groundwater samples exceeded the permissible limits for salinity, hardness, and sulfate. Furthermore, microbial bacterial contamination was found at various locations. While some RO desalinated water was free from microbiological contaminants, it was severely deficient in essential minerals. Conclusion The groundwater in the investigated area requires proper attention. Research and management strategies are critically needed to address both chemical and microbial contamination while maintaining an optimal mineral balance in potable water.