Wireworm has become a major problem causing extensive crop loss in many potato production areas in Canada. Wireworm control methods includes the use of chemical pesticides. However, pesticides can affect human health and the environment, and their use has consequently been questioned and prohibited in many countries. Therefore, the use of environmentally friendly plant protection techniques, including crop rotation as an alternative to chemical control measures have been promoted to minimize crop damage. In that context, buckwheat is used as a rotation crop to mitigate wireworm damage in potatoes. But so far, less is known about how buckwheat contributes to mitigate disease. This study was designed in a context of integrated pest management, with primary objectives to:(1) determine the microbial diversity in the buckwheat rhizosphere in comparison with other rotation crops; and (2) determine the correlation between the buckwheat rhizosphere microbiome structure and wireworm density. To achieve these objectives, 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing was performed to determine the microbial diversity in bulk and rhizosphere soils of buckwheat and barley grown at two locations during two growing seasons. A pilot wireworm trapping study was also performed to assess the wireworm population following buckwheat and barley as rotation crops. The study identified 27 phyla in the two crops of which Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria were the most abundant and species identification was confidently achieved in 7 phyla including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Deinococcus-Thermus and Crenarchaeota. Interestingly, Methylophilus flavus, Saccharopolyspora tripterygii and Deinococcus yunweiensis were three operational taxonomic units (OTUs) found at the species level to be unique to the buckwheat rhizosphere soil at both locations and purported as non-pathogenic entophytic bacteria and beneficial for sustainable agriculture. Moreover, after two years, a reduction in wireworm density was observed in both crops although, the direct link associating the reduced wireworm density and the observed microbial diversity and the operating mechanisms in each crop remain to be elucidated. Taken together, changes were observed in the soil microbial communities associated with specific rotation crops and a reduction in wireworm density was correlatively observed. Thus, our study showed that the root system of buckwheat influences the structure of the microbiome in the rhizosphere as .hypothesized

ABSTRACT

The objective of the research was to study the mechanical and physical properties of high density polyethylene compounds mixed with sawdust. To achieve this goal, samples were prepared in different mixing methods for high density polyethylene with solid-size sawdust and different shapes identified shock resistance, elongation, bending and absorption. To obtain a wide range of industrial wood panels with different properties and the studied ratios achieved their own characteristics that qualify them for use in industrial applications.        

الملخص

       يهدف البحث إلى دراسة الخواص الميكانيكية والفيزيائية لمركبات البولي إيثيلين عالي الكثافة مخلوطا مع نشارة الخشب ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم تحضير عينات بطريقة الخلط بنسب مختلفة للبولي إيثيلين عالي الكثافة مع نشارة الخشب ذات الحجم الثابت والأشكال المختلفة حددت مقاومة الصدمة وقيست الإستطالة والثني والامتصاصية ،أظهرت النتائج الاختبارات إمكانية الحصول على طيف واسع من ألواح الخشب الصناعي بخواص مختلفة وكانت النسب المدروسة تحقق خواص خاصة بها تؤهلها للإستخدام في التطبيقات الصناعية.

Abstract. Linked Open Data illustrates the concept that provides an optimum solution for information and dissemination of data, through the representation of the data in an open machine-readable format and to interlink it from diverse repositories to enable diverse usage scenarios for both humans and machines. The pharmaceutical/drug industry was among the first that validated the ap-plicability of the approach for interlinking and publishing open linked data. This paper examines in detail the process of building Linked Data application taking into consideration the possibility of reusing recently published datasets and tools. Main conclusions derived from this study are that making drug da-tasets accessible and publish it in an open manner in linkable format adds great value by integration to other notable datasets. Yet, open issues arose clearly when trying to apply the approach to datasets coded in languages other than English, for instance, in Arabic languages.

DNA, RNA, and protein are represented as strings in bioinformatics for this reason string processing is the cornerstone in the field of bioinformatics and these problems take a variety of manifestations each of which has a specific meaning. This topic will shed some light on some traditional string problems such as: local sequence alignment problem, global sequence alignment problem, exact pattern matching problem, approximate pattern matching problem, finding all maximal palindromes problem, finding all tandem repeats problem, finding all tandem arrays problem, etc. There are quite rich researches for these problems. This paper, will propose the major algorithms in this respect which implemented in BioQt.

The aim of this study was to investigate the response of broilers fed on test diets containing non-antibiotic growth promoters; Probiotic (BioPlus 2B), Prebiotic (TechnoMos), Synbiotic, and medicinal herbs (Mixture of Origanum majorana, Foeniculum vulgare, and Carum carvi in ratio 1: 1: 1), each within two dietary protein levels (normal and low), on these broiler performance. The study was carried out at the Poultry Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture; Alexandria University, Egypt. The experimental period lasted for 42 days. A total number of 500 days from Cobb broiler chicks, with similar average live body weight, were randomly distributed into 10 treatments. Each treatment comprised of 5 replicates of 10 chicks each. Ten experimental diets were formulated to be approximately isocaloric and cover all nutrients required for broiler throughout two stages of growth periods, starter diets (1-21) and finisher diets (22-42) days of age. Ten experimental diets were consisting of two levels of crude protein (recommended or low (85% of recommended)) and five feed-additive programmes (control, probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic and medicinal plants). In general, feeding broiler lower crude protein levels (-10% of NRC) resulted in poorer growth performance, which was partially compensated with the non-antibiotic additives. Among the additives, synbiotic had positively significant effects on FCR, BW.