Two pyrazolo[4,3-b] pyridine derivatives namely; 2,3-dihydro-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile (L1) and 2,3-dihydro-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile (L2) were prepared. The thermal analysis showed that the L1 is stable up to 266 °C, whereas L2 is stable up to 376 °C. The L1 and L2 powders were found to have polycrystalline structure in which their lattice parameters and Miller indices were determined. Thin films of L1 and L2 were deposited by thermal evaporation technique. The absorption spectra of the films were measured, from which the optical band gap of L1 and L2 films was estimated as 2.72 and 2.83 eV, respectively. Two devices based on the films of both materials, independently, were deposited onto p-Si single crystal substrates, were fabricated and showed rectification behavior. The current

The aim of this study is to investigate whether and how Serbian companies manage earnings to avoid losses and to avoid earnings decreases. The empirical evidence found in this study shows that there is a discontinuity in the distribution of reported earnings around the zero earnings benchmark suggesting that Serbian companies engage in earnings management to avoid reporting losses. Furthermore, this continuity disappears when we subtracted discretionary accruals from reported earnings indicating that Serbian companies use discretionary accruals as a tool for earnings management. However, the distribution of earnings does not provide evidence that Serbian companies manage earnings to avoid earnings decreases. These results are robust to alternative methods of scaling earnings and various ways of estimating discretionary accruals.

Abstract. The paper examines the process of creating and publishing an Arabic Linked Drug Dataset based on open drug datasets from selected Arabic countries and discusses quality issues considered in the linked data lifecycle when establishing a semantic Data Lake in the pharmaceutical domain. Through representation of the data in an open machine-readable format, the approach provides an optimum solution for information and dissemination of data and for building specialized applications. Authors contribute to opening the drug datasets from Arabic countries, interlinking the data with diverse repositories such as DrugBank, and DBpedia, and publishing it in a standard open manner that allows further integration and building different business services on top of the integrated data. This paper showcases how drug industry can take full advantage of the emerging trends for building competitive advantages. However, as is elaborated in this paper, better understanding of the specifics of the Arabic language is needed in order to extend the usage of linked data technologies in Arabic companies.

Libya is a lower middle-income country with no national surveillance system for hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). We assessed the prevalence of hospital-acquired infections and antimicrobial use in adult intensive care units (ICUs) in Libya. Objective: Evaluate drug resistance of bacteria isolated from equipment placed close to patients in an Intensive Care Unit of a Central hospital in Gharian.

In this paper, of primary interest is to synthesis 8-(1H-indol-3-ylazo)-naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (INSA) and to evaluate the main parameters of Au/INSA/n-Si/Al diode in dark and under illumination. Different techniques are used for interpreting the proposed INSA chemical structure. The dark current-voltage measurements were achieved in the temperature range of 293−413 K. It is noticed that INSA films modify the interfacial barrier height of classical Au/n-Si junction. At low applied voltages, the I–V relation shows exponential behavior. The values ideality factor, n, and the barrier height, φ, are improved by heating. The abnormal trend of n and φ is discussed, and a homogenous barrier height of 1.45 eV is evaluated. The series resistance is also calculated using Norde's function and it changes inversely with temperature. The space charge limited current ruled with exponential trap distribution dominates at relatively high potentials, trap concentration and carriers mobility are extracted. The reverse current of the diode has illumination intensity dependence with a good photosensitivity indicating that the device is promising for photodiode applications.