The Aqaba complex located at the southeastern of Jordan, exposes coexisting mafic-felsic association typical of syn-to pre-plate collision magmatism. The bulk of the pluton is made of quartz monzonite, granite and granodiorite. New U-Pb zircon dating revealed a synchronous emplacement of the granite (605 ± 4.6 and 617±3.7 Ma), granodiorite (613 ±4.4, 612 ±3.6 and 611.8±4.9 Ma) and quartz monzonite (608± 5.4 Ma). The whole-rock geochemistry indicate that the source for the quartz monzonite, granite and granodiorites could have been a continental arc-derived from mantle sources and mature metagreywackes. Melting of this crustal material was subduction related , which could have been an enriched mantle-derived melt contaminated. The Aqaba complex is a part of a the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS) are juvenile in character, Neoproterozoic, including in addition five large plutonic suites ; Rahma , Darba , Rumman,Urf and Yutum suite. The genesis of these suites were likely induced by mantle-derived magma in the shallow crust while their spatially and temporally discrete emplacement at shallow levels was probably related to the (extensional) of lithospheric boundaries, which represent a feasible fertile source for such granitoids.

Abstract. The growth of lampenflora detracts the natural beauty of cave walls, and threatens their archaeological value.

This is a real problem in Malaysian caves, therefore, an attempt should be made to eliminate these unwanted microorganisms. Ultraviolet light destroys harmful microbes such as bacteria, yeast. molds, viruses and algae, and ultraviolet radiation is less toxic to cave dwellers such as birds, reptiles and visitors. So ultraviolet radiation can be a way to control microorganisms or reduce their numbers. In this study. we studied the effect of ultraviolet radiation on microorganisms isolated from selected Malaysian caves to control and eliminate them AlterS minutes exposure, 254mm UV-C effectively eliminated colonies of Pseudomonas aerginosa and Stenotrophomonas sp. But P. guilliermondi and

R. dairenensis were eliminated to the zero after 30 mivutes of treatment, but C. Liquefaciens needed 60 minutes to be treated. Synechochococcus sp and Micractinium sp. fell to zero after exposure to 240 of UV-C

Over the recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of women belonging to the Internet population. With this increase, researchers have begun to investigate the role of gender in information technology (IT) adoption and its related innovations, including e-commerce. Despite the large body of research on the topic, we know of no work that specifically reviews the literature regarding gender differences in these domains. To address this gap, we systematically reviewed the recent literature (in the period 2000–2017) regarding gender differences in IT adoption and six related behaviors and responses: online shopping adoption, online trust, attitude and satisfaction with e-commerce, website design preferences, and information processing strategies. Findings from the current review indicated that, in general, men are more likely to try a new IT and shop online than women

Purpose

The paper aims to re-interpret the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in limiting the extreme practices in earnings management (EM) by using evidence from large UK companies.

Design/methodology/approach

The study has used content analysis and disclosure index to measure the level of CSR. The authors measured EM based on discretionary accruals by using cross-sectional version of the modified Jones model.

Findings

The findings of this study reveal that companies with a higher commitment to CSR activities are less likely to manage earnings through accruals.

Originality/value

This study shed more light on the potential impact of CSR on earnings management in the context of the UK. Prior research on the impact of CSR on earnings management has used exclusively CSR scores, provided by CSR score indices. The manual measurement used in this study for CSR (disclosure index/content analysis) is considered to provide a more detailed and precise measure.

The development of Semantic Web technology has fueled the creation of a large amount of Linked Open Data. DBpedia is a good example of an open data repository extracted from the crowd sourced knowledge base, Wikipedia. Because of the way Wikipedia and DBpedia were created, the information available there is more vulnerable to grammatical errors, inconsistency, structures, and, data type problems. The introduction of the Arabic chapter of DBpedia created additional problems due to the nature of the language, when it comes to quality assessment issues. In this paper1, we focus on identifying challenges in quality assessment of Arabic DBpedia, as well as analysis of existing tools and methodologies used for Linked Data quality assessments.