AbstractIn this paper, the focus is on software development methodologies, specifically XP and RAD, in terms of fast-track software development while maintaining quality. It also addresses the high requirements for rapid and effective software development and how some organizations and companies utilize Agile, which supports and encourages flexibility, teamwork, and effective customer relationship management. Initially, the paper discusses the historical evolution of the Waterfall Model and its transformation from its traditional form to the Agile Framework. Subsequently, it highlights the XP and RAD methodologies, providing an overview of both, along with their important stages, benefits, and challenges, focusing on aspects such as pair programming, design and testing, and defining and analyzing prototyping and iteration processes. The comparison illustrates the similarities in terms of strengths and weaknesses and their significance concerning fast-track software development. The paper also references several projects where these methodologies were applied and discusses potential outcomes. It recommends that the optimal and most suitable methodology choice depends on several key factors, such as user participation, gradual development, and teamwork, while considering the trends of fast-track software development in the futureKeywords:XP, RAD, Agile Development, Fast-Track Development, TDD, Prototyping, Iterative Development.

The current study aimed to the production and partial purification of a cold-active lipase by som fungi isolated from the olive oil processing wastes in Al-Gabal Al-Gharby, Libya. 31 fungal species from 12 genera were isolated. F. solani was the most prevalent comprising 94% of total Fusarium and 28.7% of total fungi, 102 fungal isolates were tested for their lipolytic activity on lipase production agar medium at 10 and 20°C. The most active isolates were Alternaria (2 isolates), Fusarium, and Penicillium (1isolate for each one). Molecular identification of the most active four isolates was carried out by their sequencing (ITS). The four powerful fungal strains' production of cold-active lipase was maximized by optimizing some nutritional and environmental factors. F. solani AUMC 16063 was able to produce the maximum amount of lipase activity (46.66U/mL/min) with specific activity (202.8U/mg), utilizing ammonium sulphate as a nitrogen source after 8 days of incubation at pH 3.0 and 15°C. However, at same condition after 6 days when yeast extract was employed as a nitrogen source, the generated cold-active lipase displayed the highest specific activity of (1550U/mg) and lipase activity (36.74U/ml/min). This is the first study in which the production, partial purification, maximized and characterization of a cold-active lipase enzyme by Fusarium solani. Keywords: cold active enzymes, Lipase, Fusarium solani, lipolytic activity, specific activity. 

Abstract

Analysis of reservoir characterization data are essential for understanding and managing the

subsurface hydrocarbon. Given that the Nubian Formation is one of the main hydrocarbon

formations in the Sirt basin, its petrophysical properties were examined at three wells (Q2-97, 3V3

and 3V4). The FlexInLog software is used in the current study to evaluate the petrophysical

characterizations using well logs and core analysis results. Petrophysical parameters such as

volume of shale, clay minerals type, porosity, permeability and fluid saturation, in addition to the

volume of matrix are evaluated by using the well log data. Sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, and

shale make up the majority of the Nubian Formation's lithology. The upper and lower Nubian

sandstone Formations are primarily composed of the clay minerals illite and chlorite, with minor

amounts of kaolinite and montmorillonite. 3. The effective porosity of Well Q2-97 is the highest,

averaging 9.9%; it reaches 7.6% in the 3V3 well and 6.52% in the 3V4 well. However, well 3V4

had the lowest average permeability value of 0.7 mD, whereas well Q2-97 had the highest average

of 2.3 mD. The 3V4 well, with a hydrocarbon saturation of 49%, has the largest net pay thickness,

reaching 324 feet. The 3V3 well followed it with a net pay 273 feet and high rate of hydrocarbon

saturation reached 66%. Compared to the other two wells, the Q2-97 well has the least amount of

net pay thickness, reaching 235 feet.Abstract

Analysis of reservoir characterization data are essential for understanding and managing the

subsurface hydrocarbon. Given that the Nubian Formation is one of the main hydrocarbon

formations in the Sirt basin, its petrophysical properties were examined at three wells (Q2-97, 3V3

and 3V4). The FlexInLog software is used in the current study to evaluate the petrophysical

characterizations using well logs and core analysis results. Petrophysical parameters such as

volume of shale, clay minerals type, porosity, permeability and fluid saturation, in addition to the

volume of matrix are evaluated by using the well log data. Sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, and

shale make up the majority of the Nubian Formation's lithology. The upper and lower Nubian

sandstone Formations are primarily composed of the clay minerals illite and chlorite, with minor

amounts of kaolinite and montmorillonite. 3. The effective porosity of Well Q2-97 is the highest,

averaging 9.9%; it reaches 7.6% in the 3V3 well and 6.52% in the 3V4 well. However, well 3V4

had the lowest average permeability value of 0.7 mD, whereas well Q2-97 had the highest average

of 2.3 mD. The 3V4 well, with a hydrocarbon saturation of 49%, has the largest net pay thickness,

reaching 324 feet. The 3V3 well followed it with a net pay 273 feet and high rate of hydrocarbon

saturation reached 66%. Compared to the other two wells, the Q2-97 well has the least amount of

net pay thickness, reaching 235 feet.

Bread is a staple food for many nations globally. It is prepared by mixing wheat or barley flour with water and other additives. Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is the most used additive in bread industry, because of its efficiency to make the bread cost-effective and favourable to consume. However, KBrO3 is toxic to human and animals due to its ability to affect several body organs, e.g., liver, bones, blood, renal and hepatic, therefore KBrO3 is classified as a carcinogenic chemical and banned for using in the bread industries in most countries. Even though, this material is still in use as bread improver in several countries, nevertheless several oxidising agents was suggested to use as replacements instead of KBrO3 that doesn’t have harmful effects to the consumers. Many technologies have been developed and applied to evaluate the residues of KBrO3 in bakery products. This review paper explored the use of potassium bromate as a flour additive, and its effect on human, animal and environment, and the chemical methods to assess its remains in bread industries.

Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly that affects the male genitalia. This research paper aims to investigate the incidence of hypospadias in Libya by analyzing existing literature, statistical data, and medical records.

 The study will explore the prevalence of hypospadias among newborn boys in various regions of Libya, as well as the factors that may contribute to the development of this condition.

 Additionally, the paper will discuss the current treatment options available for hypospadias patients in Libya and the challenges faced by healthcare providers in managing this condition. By providing a comprehensive overview of hypospadias incidence in Libya, this research paper will contribute to the understanding and improvement of care for individuals with this congenital anomaly.