The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Chenopodium album aqueous methanolic extract supplementation on the immunological and haematological indices, digestive enzyme activity and growth performance of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). C. album was added to a basal diet at the rate of 0 (CA0), 0.01 (CA0.01), 0.05 (CA0.05) and 0.1 g kg−1 (CA0.1), and C. carpio was fed this diet for 45 days. Respiratory burst activity was significantly increased in all experimental groups on days 15 and 30 compared to the control (P < 0.05). Lysozyme activity was significantly increased over all sampling times compared to the control except in CA0.1 (P < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activities were significantly increased in all experimental groups compared to

ABSTRACT

The essential oil of Thymus algeriensis was analyzed as a potential preservative in soft cheese. We developed a novel method to test the preserving properties of essential oil in soft cheese. Contamination incidence of Penicillium aurantiogriseum was absent after 30 d of storage at 4°C with 25 µL of essential oil added. The antimicrobial activity was tested against 8 bacteria and 8 fungi. Thymus algeriensis oil showed inhibitory activity against tested bacteria at 0.03 to 0.09 mg/mL, and bactericidal activity was achieved at 0.05 to 0.15 mg/mL. For antifungal activity, minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged between 0.01 and 0.04 mg/mL and minimum fungicidal concentrations between 0.01 and 0.04 mg/mL. Furthermore, the oil was also screened for antiradical activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay. The results showed that the oil was active and achieved half-maximal inhibitory activity at 0.132 mg/mL. We used gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry to investigate the volatile compounds from the oil. Carvacrol was identified as the main compound in the oil, represented by 80.9% of the total constituents, followed by p-cymene (7.7%).

Natural abundance and host plant preference of the endoparasitoids O. pallipes was studied in Ojelat region. Four host plants were studied [tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) pepper (Capsicum annuum) eggplant (Solanum melongena) and kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)] The parasitoids showed high populations in April and May that kept the populations of the serpentine leafminer L. trifolii at low densities till the end of the season on all studied host plants. O. pallipes recorded two peaks of abundance on the four studied host plants recording (19, and 24 individuals/ 50 infested leaflets) on tomatoes, (18, and 16 individuals/ 50 infested leaflets) on pepper, (26 and 20 individuals/ 50 infested leaflets) on eggplant and (32, 26 individuals/ 50 infested leaflets) on kidney bean during the season of the study. O. pallipes showed a relatively low preference towards kidney bean and eggplant compared with pepper and tomatoes.

Infertility is a worldwide health issue with high impact on the individuals involved and the society as a whole. Estimates of infertility are very important to inform social and economic policies. The aim of this systematic literature review is to estimate the prevalence of primary and secondary infertility in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and produce the overall estimate of the different indicators of infertility in MENA region. A systematic search was conducted to identify publications providing data from MENA countries. All titles and abstracts retrieved using this search strategy were managed by Endnote software, duplicates were removed and studies on animals, systematic reviews, and from non-MENA region was removed from the EndNote library. Seven electronic databases and websites were searched for relevant articles and surveys with no language or date restriction on July 2017. Data of prevalence 

Hadoop has been developed as a platform solution for processing a large scale of data in parallel for different applications in Cloud com-puting. A Hadoop system can be characterized based on three main factors: cluster, workload, and user. Each of these factors can be described in heterogeneous environment, which reflects the heterogeneity degree of the Hadoop system. This paper investigates the effect of heterogeneity in each of these factors on the performance of Hadoop for different schedulers. Three schedulers which consider differ-ent levels of Hadoop heterogeneity are used for the analysis: FIFO, Fair sharing, and COSHH (Classification and Optimization based Scheduler for Heterogeneous Hadoop). Performance issues are introduced for Hadoop schedulers and comparative performance analysis between different cases of jobs submission. These jobs are processed in heterogeneous data environments and, under fixed or reconfigu-rable slot between map and reduce tasks for Hadoop MapReduce java programming clustering model. The results showed that when assigning tunable knob between map and reduce tasks under certain scheduler like FIFO algorithm, the performance enhanced about 81.42% especially in cases of heterogeneity environment where the workload is decreased significantly and the utilization of computa-tional resources in increased obviously.

Hadoop is a Java-based programming framework that supports the storing and processing of large data sets in a distributed computing environment and it is very much appropriate for high volume of data. It uses HDFS for data storing and uses MapReduce for processing that data. MapReduce is a popular programming model to support data-intensive applications using shared-nothing clusters. The main objective of MapReduce programming model is to parallelize the job execution across multiple nodes for execution. Nowadays, all focus of the researchers and companies toward to Hadoop. Due to this, many scheduling algorithms have been proposed in the past decades. There are three important scheduling issues in MapReduce such as locality, synchronization and fairness. The most common objective of scheduling algorithms is to minimize the completion time of a parallel application and also achieve to these issues. Performance issues are introduced for Hadoop schedulers, and comparative performance analysis between different cases of jobs submission. These jobs are processed in different homogenous data environment and, under fixed or reconfigurable slot between map and reduce tasks for Hadoop MapReduce java programming clustering model. The results showed that when assigning tunable knob between map and reduce tasks under certain scheduler like FIFO algorithm, the performance enhanced 16.66% in inverted index, 55.55% in word count and 11.76% in classification process.

Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the effect of a dietary supplementation of Tilia tomentosa on blood parameters and non-specific immune responses in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). With this aim, common carp (4.35 ± 0.16 g) were fed with an average weight at the beginning of the experiment of 4.35 ± 0.16 g, were supplemented with a celery (Tilia tomentosa) aqueous methanolic extract at a dose of 0% (control), 0.01%, 0.05% or 0.1% during 45 days. Every 15 days of the study, blood indices (WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, and MCHC), and immune parameters such as lysozyme, respiratory burst, and myeloperoxidase activities were investigated. The results indicated that fish fed diet supplemented with 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1% T. tomentosa extract had no significant differences compared with the control on the 15th, 30th, and 45th days of the experiment (P > 0.05) except MCV of 0.1% on the 30th day of the experiment which had highest recorded value compared with other groups (P ˂ 0.05). MCHC of the control on the 30th day of the experiment also had highest recorded result compared with other groups. (P ˂ 0.05). Lysozyme activity was highest in the 0.01% and 0.1% experimental groups (P ˂ 0.05). At the end of the study, respiratory burst activity decreased on the 15th day and 30th day of the study on 0.01% and 0.1% groups (P ˂ 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity was not affected in all experimental groups compared to control (P > 0.05). These results suggested that Tilia tomentosa has some immunomodulatory effects in common carp

Abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Chenopodium album methanolic extract supplemented with fish diet on non-specific immune activity and hematological parameters of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles. Common carp (2.4 ± 0.1 g) were divided into four main groups in triplicate (twelve aquariums, 40 fish per aquarium) fed diet containing three doses of C. album extract, CA 0, CA 0.01%, CA 0.05% and CA 0.1% kg diet individually for 45 days. The samples were collected every 15 days. The results indicated that Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) activity was significantly increased in all experimental groups at 15 and 30 days, lysozyme activity was significantly increased in all the experimental groups at 15 days. While, Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was significantly improved (P < 0.05) in all experimental groups at all experimental periods, 15, 30 and 45 days compared to the control groups. Regarding hematological parameters, a significantly decreased in WBC and insignificantly changes in (RBC, Hb, HCT, MCH, MCV and MCHC in all experimental groups compared with the control. The results indicated that the supplementation of methanolic extract of Chenopodium album to carp diet was beneficial because it increases innate immune response.

Abstract: In this study, the effect of a dietary supplementation of Apium graveolens on digestive enzyme activities and growth performance of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were evaluated. C. carpio, with an average weight at the beginning of the experiment of 6.5 ± 0.07 g, were supplemented with a celery (Apium graveolens) aqueous methanolic extract at a dose of 0% (control), 0.01%, 0.05% or 0.1% over 45 d. At the end of the study, digestive enzyme activity and growth performance were investigated. Results of this study showed that the final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the 0.01% group compared with the other groups. The feed concentration ratio was decreased in the 0.01% and 1% groups compared with the control (P < 0.05). Digestive enzyme activity (trypsin, amylase and lipase) in all experimental groups was significantly elevated compared with the control (P ˂ 0.05). These results indicated growth-promoting effect and increasing digestive enzyme activity of C. carpio supplemented with an A. graveolens aqueous methanolic extract. 

Abstract: The digestive enzymes activity and the growth performance effect to the methanolic extract of Chenopodium album supplementation were examined in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) juveniles. Common carp (2.4 ± 0.1 g) were fed diets containing three doses of Chenopodium album extract (CA 0, CA 0.01%, CA 0.05% and CA 0.1% / kg of feed) individually for 45 days. The results indicated that trypsin and lipase activities were a significantly increased in 0.5% and 1% treated groups. While, amylase activity was significantly improved in all treated groups compared to the control. Final weight and weight gain were significantly enhanced in 0.01% and 0.1% treated groups. FCR and SR were insignificant changes in all experimental groups. While, SGR was significantly increased in all treated groups compared to the control. The results concluded that the supplementation of methanolic extract of Chenopodium album to carp diet could stimulate the digestive enzymes secretion and some growth performance parameters.