Abstract

Nowadays, the information system methodology is lifeblood of any successful project. The success is based on the quality of information and its technology over the globe. This could rely on the development and operation of computer based systems. To assure that you achieved the goal, there should be a perfect and ideal selection of the methodology, and quite simply it matches your needs. However, there should be some researchers have been written about NIMSAD, SSADM and ETHICS and with no doubt much will be written in the future. The purpose of this paper is to conducting a comparison between two methodologies effectively. Besides, the implementation of NIMSAD framework will take an integral part in this paper. Consequently, the implementation will illustrate the strength and weakness points of both methodologies. Eight principals' steps of NIMSAD will be examined to demonstrate various aspects of EHTICS and SSADM methodologies. This, however, will help to ensure the efficient performance which is the main goal of this work.

ملخص هدفت هذه الدراسة و انحصرت المشكلة في معرفة كيفية تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة داخل مستشفى الجامعة المحمدية التعليمي وكيف إدارة الجودة الشاملة تؤثر علي تحسين الخدمات الصحية في مستشفى الجامعة المحمدية و علي المعوقات التي تواجه تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة في تحسين الخدمات الصحية في مستشفى الجامعة المحمدية و ما الحلول االستراتيجية الالزمة التطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة في تحسين الخدمات الصحية في مستشفى الجامعة المحمدية التعليمي. مجتمع وعينة الدراسة: عينة مختارة من اإلداريين ورؤساء األقسام في مستشفى الجامعة المحمدية في مدينة ماالنج – إندونيسيا. منهجية البحث: كانت باتباع أسلوب المنهج الوصفي وفي نوعه الوصفي الكيفي، وأدوات جمع البيانات هي المقابلة واالطالع على الوثائق، وفي تحليل البيانات اعتمد الباحث على أسلوب المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بخطوات محددة. وخرجت الدراسة بعدد من النتائج من أهمها: أ. المستشفى المبحوث يتولى أهمية لتطبيق مبادئ إدارة الجودة الشاملة داخل مستشفى الجامعة المحمدية. ب. لتركز على التحسين المستمر للخدمات من خالل مساهمة الموظفين والعاملين في خطط وأنشطة التحسين المستمر. ج. تؤثر إدارة الجودة الشاملة علي تحسين الخدمات الصحية في تشجيع اإلدارة العاملين على تقديم اقترحتهم بشكل أفضل في تحسين الخدمات الصحية داخل المستشفى وتنظيم برامج تدريبية داخل المستشفى. د. المعوقات هي قصور ثقافة إدارة الجودة الشاملة لدي الرؤساء والمرؤوسين وضعف تنفيذ البرامج التدريبية والدورات التوعوية داخل مستشفيي المحمدية. ه. االستراتيجية الالزمة هي العمل الجاد على نشر ثقافة تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة والتوعية بمزاءيها بين جميع العاملين. وأوصت الدراسة: ضرورة إيمان اإلدارة العليا للمستشفى بأهمية تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة، ونشر ثقافة الجودة على العاملين. واالستعانة بخبرات وكفاءات في إدارة الجودة الشاملة التحسين الخدمات داخل المؤسسة الصحية. اعتماد وعقد دورات تدريبة العاملين داخل المؤسسة وتأهليهم في مجال إدارة الجودة الشاملة، وتوفير بعثات لهم لي الخارج وهذا من اجل رفع الكفاءة اعتماد وعقد دورات تدريبة العاملين داخل المؤسسة وتأهليهم في مجال إدارة الجودة الشاملة، وتوفير بعثات لهم لي الخارج وهذا من اجل رفع الكفاءة. الكلمات المفتاحية: كيفية تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة، تحسين الخدمات الصحية، المستشفى المحمدية التعليمي

The paper studied the possibility of taking advantage over roads to generate energy by pressure and movements of vehicles on these roads and converts kinetic energy into electric energy by piezoelectric devices that will call later the Smart Roads. Libya is seeking a variety of energy sources instead of depending on fossil fuels, and at the same time, plans to have giant projects in the field of roads; the most important is the 2000 km coastal highway. The coastal highway itself can produce thousands of kilowatts of clean and sustainable electric power by installing piezoelectric devices along the distance of the road with proper specifications. The objective of this paper is to study and investigate the smart roads to produce energy in Libya. Moreover, this paper employed descriptive design which includes model design and energy calculations for one piezoelectric device. The main reasons that encouraged us to take advantage over the Road Power Generation (RGP) are as follows:(1). The needs for a resource of renewable, clean and sustainable energy;(2) Benefits from the movement of thousands of vehicles on public roads, and take advantage of thousands of kilome-

With web advertising growing to be a huge industry, it is important to understand the effectiveness of web advertisement. In this study we investigate the effects of web advertising visual design (WAVD) purchasing intention within the framework of an integrated model. Nine hypotheses were developed and tested on a dataset of 316 observations collected via a questionnaire survey. The results of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicate that while web advertising visual cues influence consumers' purchasing intention through advertising attitudes and brand attitudes, they do not have direct effects on purchasing intention. Further results on the moderating role of gender suggest that web advertising visual cues have direct effect on consumers' purchasing intention for male groups but not for female groups. This study contributes to the understanding the role of visual dimensions in forming online purchase intentions.

Abstract

The main aim in this study is to explain the effect of natural resource endowment or ‘oil wealth’ on the Libyan economy and, more importantly, explore how Libya can take advantage of this resource whilst avoiding the Dutch disease problem. In order to do this, the study has three objectives:-

1.     To identify what variables are of importance in the economic growth in particular of oil producing countries, and what is the impact of oil on those variables.

2.     To identify the most important growth strategies that oil-rich countries are following.

3.     To identify the nature of the relationship between oil revenue and realizing permanent economic development in Libya, while identifying the most potentially beneficial economic development policies that could be adopted in Libya in terms of the participation of economic sectors, investment priorities, and encouragement of economic diversification.

Multiple methods were used to collect data in this research through information gathered from existing literature - data for a wide study of 74 oil producing countries, case studies on a number of oil rich comparator countries, as well as a qualitative analysis of the Libyan economy itself with data derived from semi-structured interviews and a focus group.

Preliminary results indicate that the abundance of oil wealth has a positive direct relationship on GDP; however economic growth is obstructed indirectly by oil wealth through the effect of some other economic variables within the model. For instance, an abundance of oil wealth negatively (statistically significantly) affects manufacturing, public spending on education and the entry of foreign direct investment; however, there is a positive (statistically not significant) relationship between oil wealth and each of agriculture value added and Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWF). There is however a negative (statistically significant) relationship between SWF and GDP as well as a positive, statistically significant, relationship between the following variables: manufacturing value added, agriculture value added, and Foreign Direct Investment with GDP. The relationship is positive, but statistically not significant, between public spending on education and GDP.

In terms of the case study countries discussed, it can be recognized that different growth strategies have been adopted to reach economic diversification; in general all countries have increased their investment in education for all stages, in supporting the tourism sector and those manufacturing industries that link to oil and gas. However, the contribution of the agricultural sector to GDP for some oil-rich countries has diminished, even in those countries which have increased their efforts to support that sector. The main challenge facing those countries in terms of attracting more foreign direct investment is political and security stability. Countries consider SWF as an important way to diversify the economy, to achieve sustainable growth and to maximize profits.

In the specific context of Libya, this study reveals that it is facing a political Dutch disease as well an economic Dutch disease. Because of the size of the public sector, private sector activities were crowded out because of the ability of the government to dominate the economy through its large oil revenues. It is therefore a type of Dutch disease with a different scenario.

As an evaluation method for e-Government world wide web portal in Turkey cities, I have applied and proposed an evaluation method to measure the accuracy for the usability satisfaction. By calculating the population for each city, I have selected the government website and try to apply the error checking by depending on the Measure 1. Measure 1 which has 10 dichotomous web usability standard, I valuate and coded each site based on the 10 dichotomous usability standards. Those dichotomous are categories and based on Web design errors, Standard web design

conventions, and the Presence of features designed. Then I suggest a method to easure the usability satisfaction by computing the total average for each site after I compute the individual average by counting the number of ones during our usability checking using Measure 1. Then I have found that the total number of websites that have satisfied the usability majority is (39 webpage) which is an approximate equal to

48%, and the sites that does not satisfy the usability majority is (42 webpage), which about 51%. Moreover, I tried to study the relation between the final usability accuracy that related to each dichotomous usability standards.

In my Experimental results and by plotting each usability satisfaction, I tried to find the dichotomous that effect on the final usability accuracy for each Turkey cities sites such as splash page which is named V1 in my experimental result and V2 which

is the need for horizontal scrolling at 1024×768 resolution or below those dichotomoushave achieved (100%) for the usability success. In contrast, Turkey website usability succeed has been affected by some Measure 1 dichotomous, which have achieved (0%) such as V4 which is the underlined text links which effect on the have achieved (0%) such as V4 which is the underlined text links which effect on the

user ability accuracy as a final measurement result.

Keywords: human computer, e-governement,website, usability,measure

The ethics of financial reporting assumes a center stage in the corporate world in the background of an emerging understanding of corporate social responsibility (CSR). We review the literature on the link between earnings management (EM) and CSR and reveal that there are two contradictory perspectives. One perspective assumes that EM is negatively associated to CSR, while the other argues that EM and CSR are positively related. These perspectives are based on the competitive existence theories such as agency, singling, stakeholder, legitimacy theories. While, the negative relationship between EM and CSR perspective is in line with the legitimacy, agency and singling theories, the positive relationship is in accordance with stakeholder theory.