The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has recently been recognized in different parts of the world, even affecting healthy populations. The deficiency of vitamin D can lead to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. No studies have been done in Gharyan city to evaluate the status of vitamin D among the population. So, this work aims to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the city, which is essential to maintaining the health of populations in general. This was a survey study conducted from September 2024 to December 2024, at some laboratories in the city: Alkama. Alnahda, Ayouser, Aldaka and Mashfa Gharyian. During the study period, 1718 analysis tests results of vitamin D were collected, classified to six groups according to age and characterized by measures of central tendency. The results showed that the age of the cases ranged from newborns to about 97 years, 30% males and 70 % females. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among female was more than males in all aged groups of the cases, about 62 % of the cases had low vitamin D levels (less than 30 ng/ml), the high level was 0.45% and 37% were at normal range. But the patients in categories 4, 5 had the highest number of cases. Spreading awareness among the population about the importance and vital role of the vitamin, explaining the risks of vitamin D deficiency and associated diseases among the population were recommended to reduce the Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Gharyan city

Myiasis, the invasion of tissues by fly larvae, is a considerable but overlooked public health concern, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. The frequency of myiasis in North Africa is affected by geographic, climatic, and socioeconomic variables; yet, there is a paucity of comprehensive information about its treatment across the area. Regional disparities in healthcare infrastructure, cultural customs, and interruptions due to war exacerbate the challenges in addressing this neglected tropical disease (NTD). The goal of this systematic review is to look at differences in how myiasis is treated in different parts of North Africa, focusing on things like epidemiology, preventative measures, diagnostic methods, treatment options, and the healthcare system. The study finds deficiencies in the literature and offers pragmatic suggestions for governments, healthcare practitioners, and academics. A systematic search was performed across various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and regional databases like African Journals Online (AJOL). We incorporated research from 2000 to 2025, focusing on human and animal myiasis in North African nations. Data extraction utilized a standardized template, focusing on assessing the quality of high-quality and reliable sources. The research revealed substantial discrepancies in myiasis management across urban and rural regions, and among several North African nations. Urban locations in Egypt, Tunisia, and Algeria had superior access to contemporary diagnostic instruments and therapies, while rural regions mainly depended on conventional remedies. Conflict-affected nations such as Libya and Sudan saw significant healthcare interruptions, heightening myiasis. Significant hurdles were restricted diagnostic instruments, erratic public health initiatives, and insufficient data from underreported regions like Mauritania and Western Sahara. Managing regional disparities in myiasis requires focused treatments, enhanced monitoring systems, and cooperation among governments, healthcare professionals, and communities. Future studies must emphasize cost-efficient solutions customized for local circumstances, especially in conflict-affected and disadvantaged areas. By closing gaps in knowledge and practice, we may facilitate more fair and effective management of myiasis across North Africa and beyond. 

Libya is a lower middle-income country with no national surveillance system for hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). We assessed the prevalence of hospital-acquired infections and antimicrobial use in adult intensive care units (ICUs) in Libya. Objective: Evaluate drug resistance of bacteria isolated from equipment placed close to patients in an Intensive Care Unit of a Central hospital in Gharian.