Aim:

The aim of this study is to investigate the etiology of infertility in couples seeking medical help from the Infertility Clinics and gynecological departments in hospitals in Western Libya.

Patients and Methods:

Data were collected directly from patients' medical records. However, additional data were collected through interviews.

Results:

The total number of couples recruited was 135. Men (mean±standard deviation of age= 41.7±7.0 years) were significantly older than women (35.2±6.5 years)(P= 0.001). Women were more likely to marry younger than men (mean difference= 6.5 years, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 5.1–7.8 years) and the duration of all participant's marriages before the interviews was 9.0±5.0 years. The causes of fertility were as follows: 33 (24.4%)(95% CI 17.16–31.64) cases were due to a female factor, 92 (68.1%)(95% CI= 60.24–75.96) cases were due to a male factor with 6 (4.4%)(95% CI 0.94–7 

Study question: What are the overall estimate of the different indicators of infertility in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region? Summary answer: The overall clinical primary and total infertility rate in the MENA region are (3.8%, 95% Cl = 1.7-8.4) and (17.2%, 95% Cl = 10.6-26.7) respectively.

Infertility is a worldwide health issue with high impact on the individuals involved and the society as a whole. Estimates of infertility are very important to inform social and economic policies. The aim of this systematic literature review is to estimate the prevalence of primary and secondary infertility in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and produce the overall estimate of the different indicators of infertility in MENA region. A systematic search was conducted to identify publications providing data from MENA countries. All titles and abstracts retrieved using this search strategy were managed by Endnote software, duplicates were removed and studies on animals, systematic reviews, and from non-MENA region was removed from the EndNote library. Seven electronic databases and websites were searched for relevant articles and surveys with no language or date restriction on July 2017. Data of prevalence 

Proteomic and molecular studies on the human follicle and follicular fluid: phenotypic differences between human granulosa cell subtypes.

To examine the differences in specific protein expression between mural and cumulus granulosa cells following 24-hour in vitro culture.

DESIGN

Laboratory study.

SETTING

• University Hospital. INTERVENTION(S): Human granulosa cells were collected at the time of egg collection during assisted reproduction. Cumulus cells associated with the oocyte were separated from mural cells from the periphery of the follicle before in vitro culture for 24 hours. Cells were then lysed and subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Given that cumulus (cGC) and mural granulosa cells (mGC) differentiate from a single layer, it is likely that phenotypic differences between them may reflect specific molecular processes and structural adaptations. Computer-assisted analysis using dedicated software enabled the presence, absence, or relative volume of each individual protein …

OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in specific protein expression from the surface of the human endometrium with respect to eventual pregnancy in infertile women. DESIGN: Laboratory study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): Thirty-one women presenting for investigation into infertility at an assisted reproductive unit. INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial flushings were collected during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle and subjected to electrophoretic separation on the basis of isoelectric point and molecular weight. Computerized analysis of the resulting spots was performed, and the proteins were identified using tandem mass spectrometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The expression of individual isoforms of leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein (LRG) was compared in nonpregnant patients (n = 25), those who became pregnant as a result of treatment (n = 3), and those who had treatment …

Albumin isoforms unique to the proliferative endometrium identified by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry

Isoforms of kininogen identified in follicular fluid by 2D-electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry

.Quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometric identification of differentially expressed uterine proteins with respect to pregnancy

.Protein expression in human granulosa cell subtypes

Liver cells of the twenty-one day old rat embryo are isolated by a modified method and autophagy is studied in them by electron microscopic morphology and morphometry. Immediately after isolation or 2.5 h incubation in nutrient-free medium, embryonic hepatocytes contain high amount of glycogen and only very few autophagic vacuoles. In contrast, all glycogen is lost and 15% of the cytoplasmic volume is occupied by late autophagic vacuoles in hepatocytes after 18 h in the same medium. Presence of 3- methyladenine in the latter case inhibits both the loss of glycogen and the appearance of autophagic vac- uoles while enlarging the multivesicular body compartment. Our findings reveal major differences between isolated embryonic and adult hepatocytes concerning autophagy. Several types of autophagic vacuoles are described in the cell types of the erythropoietic cell lineage. This means that autophagy is an …